作者:Qingda Hu, Ziheng Qiu, Zijun Xu, Kaizhao Zhang, Xizhou Bu, Zuolei Sun, Bo Zhang, Jieru Zhao, Zhongxue Gan, Wenchao Ding · 单位:Fudan Academy for Engineering and Technology, Fudan University, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China · 会议/期刊:arXiv · 日期:2025-12-31 · 来源:Low-Level Learning-Based Action Modelling / Input Modelling / 2D Non-LLM-based Vision Language Action Models