作者:Bingxin Xu, Yuzhang Shang, Binghui Wang, Emilio Ferrara · 单位:University of Southern California, University of Central Florida, Illinois Institute of Technology · 会议/期刊:arXiv · 日期:2026-01-20 · 来源:Low-Level Learning-Based Action Modelling / Input Modelling / 2D Vision Language Action Models with Robustness / Attack